Jewish Family & Community Services East Bay https://jfcs-eastbay.org/ Mon, 11 Sep 2023 21:16:47 +0000 en-US hourly 1 https://wordpress.org/?v=6.3 High Holiday https://jfcs-eastbay.org/high-holiday/ Mon, 11 Sep 2023 21:16:47 +0000 https://jfcs-eastbay.org/?p=2465 The post High Holiday appeared first on Jewish Family & Community Services East Bay.

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From a Charmed Life https://jfcs-eastbay.org/from-a-charmed-life-by-marika-somogyi/ Mon, 28 Aug 2023 15:33:24 +0000 https://jfcs-eastbay.org/?p=2446 From A Charmed Life by Marika Somogyi Something magical happened. I woke up to something I thought was an apparition. At the foot of my bed stood an angel in a gray cloak, her face partly hidden under a hood. She was tall, slim, and very soft spoken. She said: “I am sister Natalia. I...

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From A Charmed Life

by Marika Somogyi

marika

Something magical happened. I woke up to something I thought was an apparition. At the foot of my bed stood an angel in a gray cloak, her face partly hidden under a hood. She was tall, slim, and very soft spoken.

She said: “I am sister Natalia. I came for you, Marika. Tonight is your last night being Marika Harmat, daughter of a company executive in Budapest. From tomorrow morning on, you will be called Mária Gál, illegitimate daughter of a farmhand and, of course, Roman Catholic. Tomorrow, when your family moves to the Jewish house, you will not stay with them. You will remove the yellow star from your coat and take a streetcar to Thökölyi Street 69. This is the convent for the Gray Sisters. The mother superior, Slachta Margit, will welcome you and will protect you.”

She gave me a new birth certificate, kissed my forehead, and left. She was Palágyi Natalia, a name I will never forget.

The next morning, I still went with my parents to the Jewish house, closing the door of our beloved apartment behind us. I would never see that front door again until I went there with my granddaughter Rianna more than 70 years later.

There was some discussion about what to put in my little suitcase for my future life as Mária Gál. (My real given name is Marianne, and the nuns had been clever to give me a new name, Mária, that has the same nickname, Marika, as Marianne. I would not have to learn to respond to a new nickname.) Decisions had to be made. Should I pack the small gas mask? Should I take some warm clothes? In the end, I took only simple clothing, since from now on I would pretend to be an impoverished farm girl.

I Wonder What That Little Girl Is Doing

I wonder what that little girl is doing? Running frantically around the barn. Chasing the chickens. Now she sits down and cries. Almost all the chickens escaped.

This must be the little girl from Budapest. She is staying in the house of the village priest, Bela Kormendy. Very far from Budapest. Very far from her previous short little life. Her father was holding her in the palm of his hand. Sending her to a private German kindergarten. Then to an exclusive English elementary school. She had a live-in Austrian nanny. She would be able to speak three languages before the age of ten.

But now she must pretend to be a poor, illegitimate child of an impoverished farmhand. The poorest of the poor. And of course, she must convince the priest in whose house she was living now, that she is a good Roman Catholic. Knowing all the right prayers at the right time.

Everything was going well. Until this Sunday, when she was handed a large knife and sent out to the barn to slay a chicken for the festive dinner. The nuns who taught her all the right prayers didn’t prepare her for this.

She knew she couldn’t do it. She also knew she couldn’t go back to the house and tell them she couldn’t do it.

She must run away. But with her false papers, she would be soon caught. And that would be the end of her. She was helpless.

Then she cornered a poor lame chicken. Took her to the tree stump where they chopped the firewood. Tied the poor thing’s head down and stretched her body across the stump. Then took an ax and slashed the poor thing’s throat.

Then she went to the corner to throw up. I remember I was shaking for a very long time after that.

copyright©2019 Marika Somogyi

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Welcome to our New Board Officers https://jfcs-eastbay.org/welcome-to-our-new-board-officers/ Wed, 16 Aug 2023 22:41:56 +0000 https://jfcs-eastbay.org/?p=2399 It is with immense pleasure and excitement that we extend a warm and heartfelt welcome to our new Board  Officers as well as a new board member! As we embark on the next chapter in the journey of our organization, we are filled with anticipation for the positive impact and transformative changes that lie ahead...

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It is with immense pleasure and excitement that we extend a warm and heartfelt welcome to our new Board  Officers as well as a new board member! As we embark on the next chapter in the journey of our organization, we are filled with anticipation for the positive impact and transformative changes that lie ahead under their leadership. Thanks to each of them for stepping up.

And, please give an especially warm welcome to our newest board member, Micah Trilling, who has joined us to serve as Treasurer. Micah works as a Managing Director at the global firm FTI Consulting, where he specializes in forensic accounting. Micah brings significant finance knowledge and experiences that will enrich our decision-making processes and benefit our community.

As we embrace the responsibility of stewarding JFCS East Bay towards its vision, we are confident that our new volunteer leaders, working with our dedicated staff and many more passionate volunteers, will lead us to greater impact.

Click here for our entire leadership team.

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My Journey https://jfcs-eastbay.org/my-journey/ Wed, 16 Aug 2023 19:35:13 +0000 https://jfcs-eastbay.org/?p=2377 Herta Weinstein tells the story of her journey from the Rhine Valley to San Francisco.

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My Journey

By Herta Weinstein

Herta Weinstein

Winter: Kindertransport Feb 22-24, 1939

The train was full of children, one adult woman per car. We traveled all day and part of the next night up the long Rhine Valley to the Dutch border. The shades were up during the day when we passed through the countryside. There were long stretches of fields and forests. But as we passed through towns, the shades were down. I wrote my pre-addressed postcard, which I still have, postmarked from Frankfurt, and ate my packed lunch. I was very bored. The other children were quiet and no one cried or made trouble. But no one played or laughed either. We had all lived under the Nazis for a year and were leaving our parents.

We got to the border late at night. Guards in Nazi uniforms and big boots came onto the train, asked us if we had any money (of course we didn’t), dumped out a couple of random children’s suitcases (not mine), found nothing, and went on. No one said a word. When the train went on, I remember feeling a great sudden relief, a sudden lightness. We were OUT!

We got to the next stop very soon. We were in Holland! A brightly lit station, the shades were up, the windows open, the platform full of smiling Dutch women in heavy shawls, handing up hot chocolate and pastries to the children. Incredible delight! We were shouting and laughing.

The next memory I have is being in a ship’s cabin, very seasick, crossing the channel. It was a rough crossing, as a channel crossing often is. I remember promising myself I would never, never cross the channel by ship again, and I never have.

But then we were in England. Harwich, on the east coast. After an inspection, we got on a train to London. British trains! Amazingly luxurious compared to what we knew on the continent, and we surely were not in a luxury class car. And then we got to London. By now, it was night time. Bright lights everywhere. Most of the children disappeared quite quickly.

I went to a hostel, but I did not know that at the time and feared I had been forgotten or had waited in the wrong place. But no, a nice young man appeared. He had a card with my name. He was the chauffeur of an elegant car who drove me through the brightly-lit London streets to an equally elegant lady’s house. It was like being in a fairy tale.

But there was an anxious confusion. I had a postcard which we were no doubt given on the train to send home. But it was from the Hebrew Shelter, London. This was no shelter. Although elegant, this was not the right fairy tale ending. I didn’t speak English well enough to clarify anything. On the other hand, this was London, not Nazi Germany. I was not afraid. I slept in the luxurious bed.

The next morning, I was taken back to the train station and put on the correct train to Glasgow. Another lovely train, this time in a compartment with another Transport child and two kind  English ladies with whom we could barely communicate. They bought us our first elaborate English tea. I knew enough to say “thank you” in English. Sometime that afternoon, the train arrived in the Glasgow station where, to my amazed delight, I was met by my two aunts whom I had known all my life.

Summer 1939

My parents had just arrived in Glasgow in June after their odyssey on the St Louis. For the first time since about August 1938, we were all together again. We were all safe, never mind the war. My aunt and uncle, and my parents, another aunt, and myself.

We were in a rather large flat, which was also shared with another couple, young socialists from Vienna. Seven adults and one child. We shared a bathroom and kitchen. It did not seem crowded to me–it seemed comfortable, almost luxurious. It had running hot water which none of us had had in Vienna. It also had mice, which apparently every building in Glasgow had, much to the distress of my two aunts. I thought it was rather funny. My job was to polish my uncle’s shoes. Six pairs a week. No doubt a pampered man. But he was the breadwinner for five people.

I was happy that summer, in spite of the gloomy Scotland weather. We were all safe. I had my father and my uncle, the two people in the world I loved the most. My mother was under control because of the other adults around. Besides, in all fairness, the year under the Nazis had changed her a good deal.

On Sundays, we took trips into the nearby countryside which included the Atlantic Coast. This was very interesting to people from landlocked Vienna, even if it was cold and damp in the summer.

In retrospect, it sounds rather idyllic, but it wasn’t! The shadow of war was there. My father was not allowed to work. My parents had been allowed into the country on an emergency basis from the SS St. Louis, not on a regular Visa, which would have been impossible to obtain at the time. We were all dependent on my uncle. On the other hand, we were waiting for the quota number so we could get us a visa to the US. A shining hope, but we didn’t know when that might happen.

The war started at the same time as I started school. On September 1, 1939, schoolchildren were allowed to be evacuated from the city to the countryside. Glasgow is the second largest city in Britain, an important seaport, and an obvious target for bombing. I don’t remember if I was asked; more likely, I was told that I would be leaving. I was going to be sent to the countryside for “safety”—to a much more unfamiliar world than Glasgow.

Turriff: October-November 1939

Turriff is a very small town north of Aberdeen, Scotland. I don’t remember how I got there, but it must have been by train with at least one transfer. The Baxters were prosperous farmers with cows, a barn with milking machines, in beautiful rolling land with many sheep and quite a few farmhands.

Mr Baxter was a tall, ruddy, pleasant Scotsman. His wife was a quiet woman about whom I remember almost nothing. They had a daughter, perhaps a bit younger than I was, whose name I don’t remember. We could hardly communicate–we were both too shy and culturally utterly unrelated, and there was no one to help us bridge the gap. We did not become friends. She and I slept in what I suppose was a double bed with her grandmother, who smelled bad. I had never shared a bed with anyone before. I was there for what must have been about six weeks. I have no memory of what, if anything, was done about bathing, but there certainly was indoor plumbing, probably with hot water; anything else would be more memorable. British plumbing in rural Scotland was far ahead of what existed in a middle class city building in cosmopolitan Vienna.

The family ate breakfast and dinner together. It was my introduction to porridge, but also to bacon and fried ham. The novel experience was that nobody paid much attention to what or how much I ate. The lack of family interest in the details of the food was as remarkable to me as the food itself.

I had never seen a cow up close before, certainly not a bull, and especially not a

bull mounting a cow. That was, indeed, one of the more memorable sights of my farm stay. Less dramatic but also astonishing was seeing sheep dipped, feet tied, into bright orange colored dip; I suppose against some infestation. Seeing all this was part of the tour to see the farm by Mr. Baxter, who was really very kind. But it was a world more foreign to me than anything I had experienced before.

One day I was sent around to the bunkhouse where the farm hands lived, to tell them their dinner was ready. I may have stood in the doorway a moment peering inside where it was rather dark. One of them lifted his blankets and invited me in. I turned and bolted from the door. They laughed behind me. I never told anyone, neither there nor to my family. Somehow I managed not to get sent to the bunkhouse again.

The family had a cat with kittens. I loved kittens, never having been allowed to have pets, though once we had a canary in Vienna. But you can’t hold and pet a canary. One day I picked up a kitten, not knowing about kittens that have not been used to people. It bit me in the thumbnail, hard. It didn’t grow out until long after we were settled in California. It was my souvenir of Scotland!

Soon I was sent to school in Turriff. I remember very little about it except that all the girls were taller than I and I understood almost not a word of what anybody said. Here again, everyone was kind but had not a clue how to help.

I don’t remember being particularly unhappy. Lonely yes, but not afraid. No one knew how long this would last, but I had better get used to it. I was safe and my parents were safe. We exchanged some letters. I don’t remember having a telephone.

But one day word did come. It must have been early October 1939, by phone or some other way. Come back to Glasgow right away. The American quota number had just come up and we were to leave soon. We crossed the Atlantic and arrived in New York on November 1, 1939.

New York: November 1939

A sublet of three rooms in a rather poor apartment on West 110th Street in New York, complete with bed bugs and cockroaches. My mother was horrified. I mainly did not like being bitten by the bed bugs at night. I started in another new school. My father got a Christmas job wrapping packages at Saks Fifth Avenue at night. My mother and I waited anxiously each night as he made his way home through freezing New York.

After a very few weeks, early one Sunday morning, I developed a bad bellyache. My father, though he was no doctor, correctly figured out I had appendicitis. No buses across Central Park on a Sunday morning. Could I walk? I thought I could, and I did, to Mt. Sinai Hospital, where I was duly diagnosed and operated on for appendicitis.

After surgery, I had to stay in the children’s ward for ten days. That was my first real contact with American culture. One of the children had a much-envied radio which he played loudly every day and that’s where I met Superman and the Green Hornet.

Then followed a four-week stay in a Jewish children’s convalescent home, about an hour’s ride outside of New York. This turned out to be the last of the 1939 separations from my parents. While I was there, the children had to put on a Christmas program, for which I, bizarrely, sang Holy Night in German. Although it was my first experience of group living, it was far less estranging than Scotland had been.

In January 1940 we left, together, for San Francisco.

 

 

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My Grandparents https://jfcs-eastbay.org/my-grandparents-by-ilse-eden/ Tue, 25 Jul 2023 23:35:47 +0000 https://jfcs-eastbay.org/?p=1864 Ilse Eden writes about the experience of both her maternal and paternal grandparents who were born and grew up in Germany.

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My Grandparents 

by Ilse Eden

Maternal Grandparents

My mother was from Schwedt an der Oder, a small tobacco-growing town in Germany. My grandmother lived there in what seemed like a big house. We took a train to Schwedt and were picked up at the station by a white horse and carriage, a treat for me and exciting. I did not see horses and carriages in Berlin.

My grandmother, Rosa, had a “salon,” where she received guests. My cousin Hans, who was a year older than me, and I decided we would choose what each of us would inherit from that room: a piano or a rocking chair. I think we agreed but I do not remember what each of us chose. (Grandmother later moved to Berlin and nothing was inherited).

My grandmother Rosa wrote perfect English letters and we have no idea where she learned English, since she probably left school at age 14. Unfortunately, we cannot ask her and wish we had!

Another enjoyable activity in Schwedt was walking to the old castle. It has now been demolished. Schwedt was in Eastern Germany and the government built an oil pipeline there. I visited and the residents were not happy after the wall fell–especially women, because they lost their child care and their jobs.

I visited the Jewish cemetery there which, together with an old mikvah, are still being maintained

Paternal Grandparents

My paternal grandparents lived in Berlin and were more formal than my maternal grandmother, Rosa. We had Sunday dinner with them once every two weeks, and what I enjoyed the most was going to the kitchen and asking the maid, Ella, what was for dessert.

My grandfather, Ernst, met me after I went swimming, and bought me a piece of cake if I had jumped into the water.  (I was scared of that). When he died, he left a bracelet for me in his desk! On his 70th birthday, my parents were out of town, but I was invited with our maid and he gave me a doll’s carriage. We took it home in a taxi and I slept with it in my bed!

After my grandfather died, my grandmother, Marianne, moved to a boarding house across the street from us. I remember visiting her and reading an English story, so she must have known English.

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Light https://jfcs-eastbay.org/light-by-jg/ Tue, 25 Jul 2023 23:42:27 +0000 https://jfcs-eastbay.org/?p=1866 This story is based on the life of Alec and his parents, Dyna and Jakob, who were living in Lodz when Germany invaded Poland in 1939.

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Light

by J.G.

This story is based on the life of Alec and his parents, Dyna and Jakob, who were living in Lodz when Germany invaded Poland in 1939. Some names have been altered to protect the privacy of living individuals and some gaps in the story have been filled in; however, it otherwise corresponds to the facts as I know them. 

 1937. It’s still cold in the early spring when Dyna and Jakob take two-year old Oles for a walk in their Lodz, Poland neighborhood. They are all bundled up in thick clothes despite the sunshine, but the warm sun feels good and people on the street are cheerful in the bright light. Oles is holding his father’s hand. When he sees another small child holding her mother’s hand, he impulsively reaches out and takes hers and the four of them walk along for a few minutes while Dyna snaps a picture. Jakob will later send a copy to his sister “Lizo” fighting Franco in Spain, titling it as his little one’s “first flirt.” 

Late 1942 or early 1943. Ever since Oles and his mother avoided the Lodz Ghetto by heading for Warsaw, there has been no word from Jakob, who insisted on staying, confident his bank director job would keep him safe. They have stayed with Dyna’s family, first in the city and then in the ghetto. By now, it is clear that the Warsaw ghetto is being liquidated and that most deportees are going to their deaths. The adults in the family work in the Toebbens uniform factory, work that offers a bit of protection from deportation. Children who are too young to work are expendable to the Nazis, so they hide Oles and his cousin in a closet used to store wool fabric. Is the darkness comforting or frightening to the two seven-year-olds? Oles is hungry and numb, trying to shut out the fear and death around him, the prized little metal train he left behind in Lodz, and chess games from earlier days in the ghetto, distant memories. As the situation becomes more desperate, Dyna somehow secures a way out and a place to shelter briefly in Aryan Warsaw.  One morning, Dyna and Oles escape with a work party and remove their Jewish stars. Once out, they move often. The prying eyes and ears of people who could betray them seem to be everywhere — antisemitic Poles, frightened ones, Volksdeutsche. They live in houses, barns, and in the forest with partisans.

1943 or 1944. For a young Jewish boy in hiding, especially one with dark, wavy hair, light is threatening. They are living in a house somewhere in the Polish countryside. Dyna goes out during the day, explained as help hired for the house and farm. Her labor and occasional coins or jewelry that she has sown into her coat provide some compensation to their hosts, who are risking their lives to shelter them as part of their private war against the Nazis. Oles spends his days hidden in a closet, cellar, or attic. At night, he must still be careful. Even a small shadow cast on a window curtain from a candle could raise suspicion. When his mother has time, she teaches him math and Polish and tells him stories. When he is alone, Oles must rely on his imagination and the few toys that fit in the matchbox in his pocket – mainly dried beans with different spot patterns. He could use those to make any game.

Eventually, he is seen by a neighbor in the window – in this house where his presence is a great danger to everyone, and he should never be seen. The neighbor has already noted enviously that this family is doing a bit better than before. Perhaps they have a new chicken or pig. The family tells the neighbor what she saw was their grandfather’s ghost. Whether the lie is believed does not matter; the hideout is no longer safe and once again they must leave. Perhaps this time, Oles hides with his mother in a new place or maybe this is the time when in desperation, she hides him in a church where he will learn that Jews are bad. 

Mid-1944. Captured, Dyna and Oles are loaded into a boxcar. Like the other “passengers,” they assume they are doomed, headed to a death camp. The train rumbles slowly forward for hours and then stops. Hours pass. Eventually they realize their guards have left and they and the others manage to get out. Still frightened of betrayal, the escapees survive in the forest for a while by searching out potatoes missed in the harvest. When it becomes clear that the Nazis have left the area, they hesitantly move to a nearby village.

Late 1944. Russian cavalry liberate the small town where Dyna and Oles are hiding. Oles is pale, small, and dangerously thin, with a sunken chest. The soldiers are kind to him. One gives Oles his first chocolate in years. As the front advances westward, they begin the arduous search for surviving family members. They join long lines in Lodz and in Warsaw. Finding no one except Eugeniusz, a camp survivor who knew one of Dyna’s sisters, sometime in 1945 or early 1946, they join relatives living in Paris and wait for an immigration visa. Reluctantly, they conclude Jakob is dead, probably shot early in the war.

1946. Dyna sends Oles to Palestine to live with her sister-in-law and her family for a year in their two-room apartment. In the heat and bright sunlight, 11-year-old Oles will begin to recover and grow stronger. ‘Look forward, not back’ is the mantra. His grandfather, a Hebrew teacher, tells the family to speak to Oles only in Hebrew. For two hours a day, he patiently teaches him Hebrew letters and words using the Book of Genesis as their text. At night, Oles shares the only bedroom with his grandfather and 14-year-old cousin. In October, Oles leaves the family that has come to love him deeply and returns to France. Eugeniusz, the new stepfather he does not like, meets the boat in Marseille. Oles shouts to get his attention, struggling to be heard above the clamor of crew, passengers, and people greeting the ship. Eugeniusz finally spots him. He scowls at Alec, “What are you saying?” Only then does Oles realize that he is speaking Hebrew, not Polish. Soon he is sailing from Marseilles to Sydney with Dyna and Eugeniusz to begin the next chapter of his life as Alec. He seems to embrace this life: School. Friends, mostly other immigrants. Sports. Zionist youth group camps. University. 

1958. Alec marries Esther, and they leave Australia for the US to continue their education. That year, Alec laughs, really laughs, for the first time since war broke out in Poland.

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Loaf of Bread https://jfcs-eastbay.org/loaf-of-bread-by-ra/ Tue, 25 Jul 2023 23:33:31 +0000 https://jfcs-eastbay.org/?p=1862 Loaf of Bread By R.A. Denise ran noiselessly up the narrow path and through the olive grove, dodging the gnarled tree trunks twisted and bent by the fury of past mistrals. At the edge of the clearing, she paused, gasping for breath. The bench was empty. The lone cypress stood behind it, tall and motionless...

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Loaf of Bread

By R.A.

Denise ran noiselessly up the narrow path and through the olive grove, dodging the gnarled tree trunks twisted and bent by the fury of past mistrals. At the edge of the clearing, she paused, gasping for breath. The bench was empty. The lone cypress stood behind it, tall and motionless like a Nazi sentinel. A small lizard scurried across the seat and dove for cover as though it too, were seeking escape from some invisible enemy. The September sun was blazing in the cloudless sky, its evening rays beating down on the deserted park in the southern French town.

Denise wiped her forehead with the back of her hand. She was very hot in spite of her light clothing: thread-bare boy’s shorts too large for her petite ten-year-old frame and a faded pink cotton shirt. Crude homemade sandals completed her outfit.

She sat on the ground and took off her right sandal. The nail had come out again, and blood trickled down the side of her foot. She wiped it off with the tail of her shirt and hunted for a heavy rock. With practiced ease, she pounded the nail into place. The black rubber soles barely oozed in the heat of the evening. The white grosgrain ribbons were still holding fast. Denise felt very proud of her handiwork: she had had a hard time cutting out the soles from a discarded tire. She rewound the straps carefully around her thin, deeply sun-burned ankles.

The sudden chirp of a cricket shattered the stillness, startling her. She was suddenly aware of the lengthening shadow of the cypress across the ground. Soon the evening battalion would march in the narrow paved street at the foot of her retreat.

Denise stared at the empty bench. . . . It was made of stone and its legs bore an elegant gargoyle design, such as was carved upon the many fountains of the old city. Her mother had remarked how picturesque it was: “How pretty,” she had said. “Thank you, Denise, for showing me to your special hiding place.” After that first time, the two of them had come every evening to escape the stifling heat of their small box-like home and maybe the sight of Denise’s father swinging back and forth on a kitchen chair, his face bitter and brooding.

It was here that she first caught sight of Madame Kaplan, her mother’s only friend. Was the meeting a coincidence, she wondered, or had it been arranged? She never asked. It was tacitly understood that the less said, the better, as in case of arrest, no one could betray what he did not know. Madame Kaplan was a soft-spoken middle-aged woman who reminded Denise of a small Parisian sparrow. She had a round face, baby blue eyes, and soft brown hair pulled back in a bun. She was always in black, as she was a war widow. Her husband had been killed during the invasion. Now she was alone. She came every day, and the women sat side by side on the stone seat, discussing recipes for rutabaga and tomato paste, and sometimes, their voices dropping to a whisper, the “situation.” They were really quite alike, Denise had observed, with ladylike ways and old rusty clothes. . . . They often giggled like schoolgirls, their eyes dancing in gle3, and at such moments Denise felt safe again.

One day, however, their friend was missing at the usual rendez-vous. Tired of waiting, Denise began to play behind the stone bench, making a carefully designed garden of pebbles, leaves, and pine needles in the manner of the Park of Versailles. Then an old woman appeared at the edge of the clearing. After a fearful glance, the stranger ran to Denise’s mother and whispered hurriedly into her ear …. Denise caught a few barely audible words: “They came in the night . . . took her away… who shall be next?” … After this, her mother never went back to the hiding place, but Denise always managed to steal away by herself before curfew, in spite of her parents’ warning. She came to mourn, to remember, to nourish the burning defiance inside her and the savage pride that would not let her cry.

The hard blue sky was paling now, and the concert of crickets, awakened from their afternoon nap, was almost deafening. They would go on all night while she lay in her bed in the oppressive darkness, their malevolent chirps mixed with the low, threatening notes of the bullfrogs by the nearby pond, screeching: “They are coming! They are coming!” until driven by a panic she could not control, her heart thumping wildly, her mouth dry, she would flee on the bare tile floor to the door of her parents’ room, to wait out the break of dawn. 

But every morning, she tiptoed back into bed. She felt for her parents a fierce protective love, and would not let them know of her terror-filled nights. And then, there was her pride.

Pride was a necessary sustenance. It made her strong. Pride steadied her trembling knees when, standing up in class, she repeated her false name, false address, and false religion to the watchful principal. Pride made her contemptuous of the battalion of soldiers in the street, shouting their marching songs, their black boots shining smartly in the sun. It helped her swallow down the daily fare of black bread, tomato paste, and water, which stilled the hunger pangs until the next identical meal. It sharpened her wits when she parried the questions of curious classmates: “Where are you from, where do you live? What does your father do? Can you play after school?” However, one had to be careful, and she had learned never to look a Nazi in the eye, not in the narrow streets of the old city, nor by the murmuring fountains where she fetched the drinking water. She was afraid to be betrayed by the very intensity of her feelings, and she had steeled herself to fix her gaze on the left shoulder of their uniform: she would rather die than bow her head.

Somewhere there had been, she knew, a plump little girl with soft brown hair and a sweet disposition. A little girl dressed in white lacy frocks and short white gloves, going up the Champs-Elyseeswith her mother, gazing at the elegant displays, or running through the Park of Versailles, her father following along the well-manicured walks,then sitting down to a Sunday dinner of roast chicken and chocolate mousse. That seemed like a thousand years ago. The crybaby Denise whoused to whimper at the slightest hurt, who laycurled on the soft bed in the dove gray bedroom with the French provincial furniture, watching the parade of pink clouds passing by her window while the big city traffic hummed seven stories below-that little girl was gone forever.

The new Denise had emerged two years ago, after their hurried exit from Paris, crawling on their bellies along railroad tracks on a moonless night, while high up on the banks, Nazi sentinels kept watch on each side, their machine guns slung across their shoulders. Her parents had warned her not to cry, cough, sneeze or make the slightest sound …. They did not need to repeat their instructions as they crouched in the secret compartment of a large locomotive rushing them to the comparative safety of a small town where they lived from day to day, with false papers provided by the local underground.

This was no time for weakness. Denise often thought of the Three Musketeers …. She had taken a secret vow to be like D’Artagnan, strong, gallant, unafraid. She had adopted his motto: “All for one and one for all,” and had promised herself to be a worthy companion to her father and mother.

The old Denise had cherished her books about Camille and Madeleine, two well-behaved, impeccably dressed young ladies of good family, who always emptied their plates, never told a lie, and went through life in a flurry of ruffled petticoats and pantalets edged in eyelet embroidery, with a smile on their ruby-rose lips.

It had been her ambition, she remembered, to reach such perfection, and indeed there were times when she had felt quite as virtuous and charitable as her beloved heroines. But Camille and Madeleine simply did not belong here, and it was best to forget them.

The sound of approaching steps brought her out of her reverie. She lay quite still, holding her breath….

A Nazi officer was coming out of the woods. He walked slowly toward the clearing, carrying a parcel under his arm. As Denise watched incredulously, he sat down on the bench, his gray-green uniform resplendent in the setting rays of the sun, his black boots polished to a high gloss. He opened the paper bag and took out a whole loaf of bread. He broke a piece of it and was lifting it to his mouth when he caught sight of Denise, crouching a few steps away. His hand stopped in mid-air.

The bread was pure white, smooth, and fine textured, crowned by a splendid crust of pale gold. She could not detach her eyes from it. Her mouth filled with water, her eyes wide with desire, and she stared in fascination at the perfect loaf. Long-repressed memories washed over her: hot chocolate on Sunday morning, strawberry jam on a damask cloth, her mother’s voice saying over and over: “Eat, Denise, eat, eat, EAT!”

She felt the officer’s eyes appraising her, his gaze noting the threadbare shorts, the blouse cut out of the bathroom curtain, the makeshift sandals. She hid her feet under her, still unable to glance away from the loaf lying on the bench. He picked up the bread and motioned for her to take it. She swallowed hard, struggling in the whirlpool of her emotions. She raised her eyes toward his face. He had handsome, sensitive features. He was looking, not at her, she saw, but rather past her beyond the realm of realities, with an odd tenderness, his brow wistful, his mouth soft, longing, remembering.

Somehow, she knew. He had a child back home,a little girl maybe, and he was lonely. What would his daughter be like, she wondered? She had a vision of a blue-eyed, fair-haired little girl running through the snow, all bundled up in a furry coat and a red woolen cap, her pigtails flying in the wind. Denise’s heart filled with compassion. She felt herself irresistibly drawn by the imploring eyes and the beseeching hand closer and closer to the golden loaf.

Then, she heard it: a marching song, the cadence of boots beating on the pavement below. The battalion returning to quarters. She closed her eyes in defense against the hateful sound but it came nearer and nearer, the refrain swelling through the evening, invading her private mourning spot. Now she remembered why she had come.

“They came in the night and they took her away.” Could he, she wondered, have been one of them? She felt the first stirrings of hatred rising in her throat, sweet as honey, heady as Passover wine. She got to her feet, carefully fixed her gaze on the left shoulder of his uniform, and said, intones of icy courtesy: “Non merci, I am not hungry.”

That night, she could not sleep at all. Throughout the malicious chorus of crickets and frogs, a kaleidoscope of faces kept revolving in front of her: the face of her father, dark and brooding as she balanced to and fro on the kitchen chair, swearing softly: “Ah, the swine, ah, the swine,” the face of Madame Kaplan, animated and smiling, as she waved her last good-bye by the edge of the olive grove, and above all the face of the officer, lonely, vulnerable, pleading for the gift of her acceptance. Dawn finally came. Quickly, moved by an impulse she could not fathom, Denise slipped on her clothes and ran through the back door to the hiding place.

The sun’s rays were already hot, beating hard on the small path as she hurried to the clearing.

The cypress tree was standing guard over the silent grove. The bench was empty. The loaf of bread was gone.

Denise reached over gently to touch the rough gray stone. Then, the tears came.

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One Story About Courageous People https://jfcs-eastbay.org/one-story-about-courageous-people-in-nazi-occupied-holland-by-edith-heine/ Tue, 25 Jul 2023 23:30:59 +0000 https://jfcs-eastbay.org/?p=1860 One Story About Courageous People in Nazi-Occupied Holland by Edith Heine I was born in July 1938 and lived in Amsterdam, The Netherlands, when the German Nazis occupied my country in May 1940. We had to go into hiding. It was an indescribably awful life. My parents had worked publicly in Germany for more than...

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One Story About Courageous People in Nazi-Occupied Holland

by Edith Heine 

I was born in July 1938 and lived in Amsterdam, The Netherlands, when the German Nazis occupied my country in May 1940. We had to go into hiding. It was an indescribably awful life. 

My parents had worked publicly in Germany for more than a decade to bring consciousness to the people about the planned horrors of the Nazis. But denial, ignorance, and disbelief brought the Nazis to power in 1933.  

My parents immediately fled over the border to Holland to save their lives and hoped to get from there to the USA. They knew that the Nazis would occupy all European countries. 

When the visa did not arrive, they were forced to stay in Holland. They joined a huge group of  Dutch people who were trying to do everything they could to keep the Nazis away from Holland. They were called “De Kring” (The Circle). 

We lived in a number of cellars and places; we endured various levels of starvation, such as having little food and times when there was none at all. This caused me to become horribly weak, which made my mother upset and very angry at me since she was terrified of my dying. I was close to death several times. I had illnesses, who knows what kind, because medical help was not available for us. I realized that my mother was so afraid to see me when I could not walk anymore, and was just lying down. She even stopped looking at me. She expected I would die like many other children on the streets of the city. 

In this horror, I also got to know good people who risked their lives to save Jewish children and adults. This was also punished with the death penalty by the Nazis. I am writing down my experiences with one such family. 

One day, I found myself amid a warm and loving family; Eddy Hoornik and his wife, Elisabeth. They smuggled me, wrapped in a blanket, to their house. The couple had twin girls, Yvonne and Leah, who were born in the same year and same month as I was. There was also a sister, Marianne, who was five years older. She never talked with me, nor with Leah or Yvonne, because she made it clear that we were too young for her, and she always said that all three of us were very stupid. 

The two little girls slept in a huge comfortable bed, and I slept right between them, in the middle. For the first time in my life, I felt tremendously cozy and protected. I didn’t remember ever having felt that way before since we lived in hiding in horribly cold cellars. There was no furniture or much else, and we were almost always surrounded by sewer rats. 

Eddy and Elisabeth Hoornik were good friends of my parents since their arrival in Amsterdam in 1933, the year the Nazis came to power in Germany. They, many others, and my parents all had worked together in the Dutch underground and belonged to “De Kring.” 

The Hoornik family were loving people, which I had not experienced before. My parents were too preoccupied with horrible situations and trying to survive the impossible. The Hoorniks taught me many new things. I learned to say “thank you” and how to eat with a knife and fork, which I liked a lot. It thrilled me that there were people on this planet who treated me so warmly and had so much love for everyone. 

Only when their aunts came to visit them, bringing little candy and gifts, was I excluded from the family. I had to stay in another room, where they locked me up and warned me not to make any noise while the aunts were visiting. They were not allowed to know that I lived there. 

Helping a Jewish child or adult was punishable by the death penalty, and people did not trust anyone; even a family member could collaborate secretly with the Germans. After the aunts left, I was allowed to come out and rejoin the family. 

The children always showed me little presents they had received from their aunts. I was happy for them. But also, every time this happened, I was sad and wished I had also been given something. But I decided this was such a tiny thing and, being aware of the countless good things they gave to my life, allowed me to bring the aunt’s missing gifts into perspective. 

I was devastated when the Hoornik family returned me to my parents. I didn’t want to go back to them anymore. I wanted to stay with the Hoorniks. It was my first conscious exposure to how life could be, surrounded by emotional and physical warmth. ln my eyes, they threw me back to my distressed and overburdened parents, who were scared of being discovered by the German Nazis, their breaking in doors and windows, their loud German barking and yelling when they were rounding up people. And where the lack of almost everything was the norm. 

One day, to my delight, l found myself back again with the Hoornik family. I was so glad! Eddy Hoornik was a journalist for one of the most prominent newspapers in Amsterdam. He also wrote books and poems, some with anti-Nazi content. It happened that the Nazis destroyed Eddy’s books and poetry and prohibited him from writing again. No one was allowed to read his books. 

Eddy still worked for the Amsterdam newspaper and sat at his desk to write every morning. I sat at his feet under his desk for hours like a little dog. I loved the whole atmosphere. It was so quiet, focused, and peaceful…….. 

One day, Eddy suddenly grabbed me from underneath the desk and pulled me toward a very steep and narrow shaky ladder that went up to a small window in the roof. I was scared. We heard Gestapo yelling and barking outside. It was clear we had to escape–a situation I was already very familiar with when I lived with my parents. 

We came out onto the roof, and I saw how far up from the ground we were. We had to balance our way down the sloping roof to the gutter. Every level step was dangerous and terrifying because we were so high. It made me dizzy when I looked down. Then we came to a new plank connecting our rooftop to the next……  

Looking down, we saw the Gestapo with guns surrounding the building. We started to go across, but I couldn’t go on–l was terrified.  I said, “Thank you,” when Eddy helped me balance, but suddenly I froze. It was so scary looking down so far from the ground. He picked me up in his arms and carried me across. He ordered me to stay where I was and not to follow him. I did what he said. 

I don’t recall all the details, but suddenly Eddy was not there anymore. I had a feeling of fear that he had made some mistake, and I felt panicked, thinking he might have fallen down on the street into the hands of the Gestapo. Waiting for him, I lay down on the bottom so that the Gestapo could not see me. It was getting dark and darker….. Eddy did not come back. 

After a long time, I tried to climb back to the house. It was horribly difficult. But I made it. 

Aunt Elizabeth was not in the house, and no one was there. From that day on, I was on the streets for quite a while. (This is another story.) 

Later, I learned that the Gestapo had caught and arrested Eddy and brought him to the Dachau concentration camp. They also arrested his wife, Elisabeth, and the children. Eddy spent the rest of the war in Dachau, where they murdered people in gas chambers. Most of them were political “criminals.” The Americans liberated the camp in April 1945. 

Eddy survived the camp, and among many other books, he wrote one about his time in Dachau and about the liberation with pictures of the camp, its survivors, and the soldiers who liberated the camp. He gave me a copy, and it must still be on my shelves. 

Eddy wrote many books and became a world-famous writer; his books were translated into many languages. However, since his time in Dachau, he was preoccupied with death and dying, which became themes in many of his poems and books. 

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Childhood in Mannheim https://jfcs-eastbay.org/childhood-in-mannheim-by-ruth-spencer/ Tue, 25 Jul 2023 23:30:12 +0000 https://jfcs-eastbay.org/?p=1859 This story is about a girl who grew up in Mannheim, Germany and the events following “Kristallnacht” in November of 1938.

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Childhood in Mannheim

by Ruth Spencer

As far as I can remember, my early childhood in Mannheim was fairly uneventful, neither particularly happy nor unhappy. I remember Oma, my grandmother, taking me with her on a vacation to a big hotel in the midst of pine forests in the Black Forest. It was she who taught me how to spell words and the basics of mathematics during long walks in the woods. I remember afternoons spent in one “Kaffeehaus” or another with my mother or my aunt and their friends. I remember Sundays when Maia* took me along to the garden she and her husband had somewhere in the suburbs. I went to school, had friends and still have the “Poesie Album” every child had at the time, with entries by friends, teachers and family.

Little by little, however, life became more difficult and restricted for Jews. I was hospitalized with scarlet fever and confined to a large ward with several other children. I was the only Jewish child there and got my first taste of anti-Semitism from these children. They tried to scare me with crickets by putting them near me, especially in the bathroom. But it was a year or so later, while playing in a courtyard, that a boy my age got angry with me, called me “dirty Jew”, threw a stone at me and hit me just above my right eye. I still have the mark today. In school too, it was not uncommon to be ridiculed or called “dirty Jew” by other students.

Beaches along the Rhine, parks and public benches were no longer accessible to Jews. Neither were cinemas and theaters. There were frequent talks of men, often friends of the family, who were arrested, taken to Dachau or some other camp, severely beaten and sometimes again released. By then my grandmother’s business at the city’s abattoir had been confiscated. My mother, Mutti, was often away from home, working at whatever jobs she could find. Uncle Sally, my mother’s brother, had emigrated to South America and Aunt Dadi, with her husband, had left for the United States. Some of my friends left Germany with their parents.

Meanwhile all Jewish children were banned from regular schools and forced to attend the only Jewish school in Mannheim. It was located in a small street somewhere behind the Market Place, near the main synagogue, quite a long way from home.

In November 1938, the day which became known as “Kristallnacht” began feverishly with many phone calls. Jewish families phoned around to inform each other that something terrible has happened or was about to happen although no one seemed to know exactly what. My grandmother asked me to take a very small suitcase filled with whatever valuables were still in her possession. I was to take them to Maia’s home, possibly also to get me out of harm’s way. By then Maia’s husband had joined the S.A., or so called “Brown Shirts”. When he came home in the afternoon with a group of friends, all in uniforms, Maia quickly hid me in the bedroom under the covers of her bed. I could hear the men in the adjacent living room drinking beer, laughing loudly and boasting about what they had done to Jews that day. I could not totally understand all their words, let alone comprehend them. But I got the impression that something terrible must have happened. After nightfall Maia tiptoed me through a back door and walked me home.

It was a long walk taking us past stores owned by Jews: the windows were broken, the stores were looted. As we passed Jewish homes and apartment houses, everywhere, on the sidewalks, were huge piles on fire with flames engulfing books, furniture, belongings. Groups of people and S.A. men attended to the flames rising above their heads. It was horrible. When we arrived in front of my building several piles of fires were burning on the sidewalk. We looked up and saw the lights were lit in our apartment. Maia sent me upstairs while she remained waiting across the street until I signaled her from a window that I got home alright.

What I found is difficult to describe but remains, like everything else that happened that day, deeply embedded in my memory. Both Mutti and Oma were in tears. Practically all the furniture was damaged, knocked over, broken, scratched; shattered glass was everywhere. Our leather covered sofa was slashed with a knife. So many things were thrown out the window and still burned on the sidewalk below. Mutti and Oma, while trying to pick up some of the glass and broken items from the floor, told me that ten very tall SA and SS men had entered the apartment and had locked them up in the bathroom while they ransacked the entire place. I too began to cry while helping to clean up the mess.

The next day it was announced that nobody is allowed to sell anything to Jews. Nevertheless Oma sent me to the grocery store next door to buy some milk. Despite the “verboten to sell to Jews” sign already in the window, the grocer, who knew me, gave me what I asked for.

I do not remember how the following days went by. There was no school to go to anymore. But I remember that suddenly my mother was away for a few days. Only later did I find out that she had tried to go to France but was turned back at the border because she did not have the required papers. We had relatives in France, cousins of my mother, and another family more distantly related. Somehow the decision must have been made that they will accept me in their home. They lived in the Lorraine border town of Sarreguemines. One day, in February 1939, Mutti and I went by train to Saarbruecken. We stayed overnight at a relative’s place and the next morning she took me to the railroad station. She was not allowed near the train which was to cross into France. I said good-bye to her at the gate and, carrying my suitcase and filled with a sense of adventure, walked toward the train. I did not cry; I did not turn around to wave another good-bye. Little did I know that this would be the last time I saw my mother.

*Maia was a maid to my grandmother for many years and was literally part of the family. She committed suicide during the war.

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The Treasure https://jfcs-eastbay.org/the-treasure-by-paula-torly/ Tue, 25 Jul 2023 23:29:27 +0000 https://jfcs-eastbay.org/?p=1858 This story is about a girl who was growing up in Vienna, Austria when the events happening in 1938 changed everything.

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The Treasure

by Paula Torly

Celebrations of any kind were put on hold as Papa struggled to find a way out of Vienna for the family in 1937. Birthdays came and went without ceremony or observation. It seemed inappropriate to celebrate anything in those perilous times – time which needed to be spent on survival. All our important anniversaries were therefore disregarded without acknowledgment, leaving me wanting something I could not have. Part of me understood why we had all become “have-nots,” but the yearning child in me still had fantasies of being celebrated, or at least acknowledged. We ultimately arrived in America, but birthdays or anniversaries were still not observed.

When I was ten, my longing for a birthday celebration intensified. I decided to allocate my long-saved allowance, plus what I could collect from my father and my sister, to give a birthday party for my mother whose love and appreciation I always longed for. I purchased a cake and other refreshments, set the table with a tablecloth, and invited my mother’s friends, thinking that maybe this would be the day Mama would realize how much I loved her.

She responded typically with her, “You shouldn’t have done it” manner and showed little emotion. Feeling crushed, I decided never to celebrate another birthday, mine or the rest of the family’s.

It was not until I was well into adulthood that I learned and understood why my mother was unable to appreciate being given to. Her parents had treated her more like an inconvenience than the young woman with potential that she was. She never learned that one side of being given to was the other side of receiving with appreciation.

When I married at age seventeen, I soon discovered that my husband was very irregular in observing my birthdays and our wedding anniversaries. Such events had not been a priority in his rather chaotic family of origin. Formalities notwithstanding, he was a very generous man, giving freely to me and to his family. Our earnings, the efforts of our labors, our creativity, were always shared. He regularly gifted me with intimacy in which we shared long satisfying talks about life in general, about our values, and of how we viewed the world and our little slice of it.

Celebrating birthdays became important again with the birth of our only child, a daughter. Family birthdays were then observed with gifts and parties. I also took great pleasure in sewing garments for her. I was determined to show her the love I never received from my mother. As my daughter grew older, she enjoyed taking charge of family celebrations.

Mama was always generous and happy cooking for our family and friends. Woe be until those who did not express strong appreciation for her efforts. However, she had enormous difficulty in giving of herself, such as giving praise instead of criticism. Without awareness, I manifested that trait for a time, until I realized I was being similar to my mother in that withholding tendency. Feeling there might not be enough, I conserved. Happily my daughter grew up to become a generous, caring, and loving woman. She, in turn, raised a fine son.

Looking back, I was able to understand that I had longed to be given that which I could give to myself. The pleasure of giving to myself is empowering. No longer waiting for something that might never be given to me, a new feeling of confidence took place in me, and I became independent.

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